####018004314#### FXUS63 KBIS 191955 AFDBIS Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Bismarck ND 255 PM CDT Fri Apr 19 2024 .KEY MESSAGES... - Gusty winds and scattered snow showers diminishing tonight. Overnight lows will remain in the upper teens to upper 20s. - Warming trend and dry conditions through the weekend. Northwest winds on Saturday will become southerly on Sunday. - Rain chances return Sunday night through Monday into early Tuesday. Greatest chances (~30 to 60 percent chance) during the day on Monday. Gusty winds could also be found on Monday. - Temperatures become near seasonable conditions mid to late week. A chance for rain (~20 to 40%) may return later in the week. && .DISCUSSION... Issued at 255 PM CDT Fri Apr 19 2024 Exiting upper level low continues to bring cloudy skies, scattered light snow showers, and breezy to windy northwest winds late this afternoon. As a surface high moves in tonight, clouds and winds should diminish as well as chances for snow showers. Until then, lingered snow showers through the evening and partly to mostly cloudy skies into the early overnight hours. Winds through the evening will be close to advisory level in some areas, however, confidence in issuance of a wind highlight still remains low. Lows tonight will remain below freezing and generally in the upper teens to lower 20s. Surface high takes over for Saturday, although northwest flow aloft will continue to bring some breezy northwest winds to a few areas. Temperatures will warm into the 40s and 50s for most areas. Dry conditions will be found, lowering afternoon RH values into the 20s to lower 30s for most areas. With cooler temperatures and not as much wind, critical fire weather conditions are not expected. Surface high shifts southward, while an upper level ridge moves overhead, for Sunday. This brings a warmer westerly becoming southerly flow to the area. Temperatures should warm to more normal readings. RH values will again be low and in the 20s. Winds will shift to the south, although remain less than 20 MPH. Thus critical fire weather conditions are not expected for Sunday at this time. Sunday night through Tuesday, a clipper system pushes the ridge eastward. This system will bring our next chances for rain across the area, especially Monday although chances will be found Sunday night through Tuesday. NBM Probs of 0.50" or great are low and generally less that 10%. This would indicate a quick moving system with limited moisture, although a chance for 0.10" or great are generally 20 to 40%. The gradient from this system could bring some strong winds on Monday, especially to the southwest and will be worth monitoring. A slight cool down will also be noted with this system, although high temperatures could still be near to only slightly below normal. Mid week is looking fairly seasonable and dry with clusters showing brief ridging moving through the area. The clusters then hint at a broad trough pattern setting up later in the week through the weekend. This could bring our next widespread chances for mainly rain. Temperature spreads are a touch wide in the NBM, likely due to timing, location, and precipitation associated with this trough. However, CPC 6 to 10 day temperature outlook are favoring above normal temperatures for this time period, with slightly above normal precipitation chances. && .AVIATION /18Z TAFS THROUGH 18Z SATURDAY/... Issued at 1245 PM CDT Fri Apr 19 2024 Lingering low cloud and scattered snow showers could bring periods of MVFR today. Used VCSH with TEMPO groups for TAF sites with at least a 50% chance of snow showers through this afternoon into the early evening hours. Snow showers should diminish this evening, however, lower clouds may linger before lifting back to VFR heights overnight tonight. Mainly clear skies are then expected for Saturday. Gusty northwest winds will be found today, diminishing tonight. Northwest winds could then linger through Saturday, although should be less gusty. && .BIS WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... None. && $$ DISCUSSION...Anglin AVIATION...Anglin ####018005041#### FXUS63 KMPX 191956 AFDMPX Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Twin Cities/Chanhassen MN 256 PM CDT Fri Apr 19 2024 .KEY MESSAGES... - Freeze Warning in effect for Central and Southern MN, and western WI from midnight tonight to 7 AM Saturday morning. - Chance for isolated-scattered snow showers this afternoon. No accumulation expected. - Quiet weather through the weekend, with a couple of systems to move across the area at the start and end of next week. && .DISCUSSION... Issued at 255 PM CDT Fri Apr 19 2024 An area of low pressure remains centered over Ontario this afternoon which is forecasted to slowly prog eastward tonight into tomorrow thus leaving MN and WI on the western periphery of the current troughing pattern. Strong WNW flow and CAA will continue to persist through the rest of today before h850 thermal ridging tries to force warmer air back into the northern plains late this weekend. Tonight and tomorrow... The forecast for this evening features possible isolated to scattered snow showers thanks to differential heating between combined with weak omega. Areas north of east of the I-94 corridor have the best chances of seeing p-types favoring snow versus farther south being rain/snow showery mix and even some graupel. On the contrary, surface dry air as seen on forecast soundings will challenge how much precipitation reaches the ground versus falling as virga. Therefore, maintained limited PoPs to 30 percents this evening. For any snow that does reach the ground, grassy surfaces could see up to a trace to a tenth of an inch by sunrise. Prevailing stratus will begin to erode overnight thus removing our layer of insolation consequentially allowing overnight lows to reach the mid to upper 20s across much of the area. With vegetation greening up and temperatures subfreezing, Freeze Warning headlines are in effect for both central and southern MN and western WI from midnight to 7 AM Saturday morning. Sunday... Late this weekend features high pressure, warmer temepratures and drier conditions. Winds will decrease as the Ontario low moves farther east. By Sunday, southerly flow will assist temepratures to reach near 60 degrees although min RH values in the low 20 percents across Western MN will elevate fire weather conditions. I am not expecting red flag conditions given the lack of strong wind gusts in the forecast Sunday afternoon. Monday through through next Friday. By Monday of next week, a developing low will track over Saskatchewan and reach the northern plains by Monday night. Precip with this event is growing increasingly likely through Monday as the trough deepens over Lake Michigan Monday night into Tuesday. Given the track of this low pressure, much of MN and WI will remain on the warm side keeping us in the rain regime whereas snow chances remain pinned to the North Shore where CAA will be strongest. Tuesday's highs will be slightly cooler in the 50s before a rebound back into the 60s for the rest of the period. By the end of next week, we will have to keep our eye on a Colorado Low that looks to develop and potentially become our next rain maker. Still lots of uncertainties to hash out specifics currently. && .AVIATION /18Z TAFS THROUGH 18Z SATURDAY/... Issued at 1259 PM CDT Fri Apr 19 2024 Low BKN/OVC VFR with a chance of MVFR cigs and vsby this afternoon. Scattered convective showers continue to make their way across Minnesota earlier this morning and will continue into this afternoon. Only minor adjustments have been made on TEMPO grouping to reflect -SHSN as forecast soundings still looks to hang onto all sites seen some form of either graupel or rain before dissipating this evening. WNW Winds will remain blustery with except for a few hours tonight before returning once again tomorrow. KMSP...Scattered convective snow showers looking most likely over KMSP between 22z and 02z this evening. No snow accumulation is expected. Winds will remain west northwesterly and breezy this afternoon before decreasing slightly after 19z tomorrow. /OUTLOOK FOR KMSP/ SUN...VFR. Wind WNW 10-15kts. MON...Chc MVFR/-SHRA in aftn. Wind S 10-15kts. TUE...Chc MVFR/-SHRA. Wind N 10-15g25kts. && .MPX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... MN...Freeze Warning from midnight tonight to 8 AM CDT Saturday for Anoka-Blue Earth-Brown-Carver-Chippewa-Dakota-Faribault- Freeborn-Goodhue-Hennepin-Kandiyohi-Lac Qui Parle-Le Sueur-Martin-McLeod-Meeker-Nicollet-Ramsey-Redwood- Renville-Rice-Scott-Sibley-Steele-Waseca-Washington- Watonwan-Wright-Yellow Medicine. WI...Freeze Warning from midnight tonight to 8 AM CDT Saturday for Chippewa-Dunn-Eau Claire-Pepin-Pierce-St. Croix. && $$ DISCUSSION...Dunleavy AVIATION...Dunleavy ####018003924#### FXUS64 KMAF 191956 AFDMAF Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Midland/Odessa TX 256 PM CDT Fri Apr 19 2024 ...New SHORT TERM, LONG TERM... .SHORT TERM... (This afternoon through Saturday night) Issued at 252 PM CDT Fri Apr 19 2024 Extensive low cloud cover has persisted across the area this afternoon keeping temperatures in the 50s for the most part. Northeast winds continue to advect in cooler temperatures helping temps drop back down to the lower 50s to upper 40s (except along the Rio Grande) tonight. An upper level trough moving across the western U.S. will increase lift causing light rain and showers to develop near sunrise Saturday mainly from the Permian Basin south into the lower Trans Pecos and Big Bend. Areas of fog should also develop along the I-20 corridor in the Permian Basin. The highest rain chances and accumulations will be in the eastern Basin and decrease to the west with low rain chances in the western 1/3 of the CWA. Elevated instability will be great enough that scattered thunderstorms are expected, enhancing rainfall totals in a few lucky locations. No severe weather is expected. Continued cold air advection and evaporative cooling from rainfall help lows drop into the 50s tomorrow night. Hennig && .LONG TERM... (Sunday through Thursday) Issued at 252 PM CDT Fri Apr 19 2024 Much quieter weather is anticipated for the start of next week as we find ourselves on the back-side of this weekend's trough and weak ridging that builds through the middle part of the week. A subtle shortwave sneaks under the building ridge for Monday, which may fuel some diurnally-driven showers/storms in the Big Bend and Davis Mountains in the afternoon. On the heels of a trough swinging from the north Plains into the Great Lakes, a weak front draws near our area late Tuesday/early Wednesday. Additionally, another shortwave approaches from the west Wednesday into Thursday, providing some additional synoptic ascent. The GFS and Euro ensemble clusters are in some disagreement in timing of this shortwave and as a result, the NBM has smeared low PoPs in across the far northern and eastern Permian Basin from late Wednesday through Friday. With cool air and cloud cover lingering through Sunday behind this weekend's front, temperatures stay below normal before quickly returning back above normal by Tuesday. High temperatures may take a short dip on Wednesday in the northern Permian Basin with the weak front drawing close before returning back to the 80s/90s for the remainder of the week. -Munyan && .AVIATION... (18Z TAFS) Issued at 1231 PM CDT Fri Apr 19 2024 MVFR CIGs are still being observed across much of the area. This cloud deck should lift to VFR in the next 1 to 3 hours and remain VFR through around 06Z before MVFR CIGs return. IFR conditions are possible at several sites by 12Z with -RA and BR lowering visibilities and creating slick runway conditions. Hennig && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... Big Spring 49 56 44 61 / 70 90 50 0 Carlsbad 52 60 47 63 / 30 40 20 0 Dryden 62 70 52 66 / 60 70 50 20 Fort Stockton 56 65 48 64 / 50 80 40 20 Guadalupe Pass 50 61 44 59 / 10 30 10 0 Hobbs 46 54 42 61 / 60 70 20 0 Marfa 49 74 41 66 / 30 50 30 10 Midland Intl Airport 51 56 45 61 / 60 80 40 0 Odessa 52 57 46 61 / 60 80 40 0 Wink 54 61 47 64 / 50 80 30 10 && .MAF WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... TX...None. NM...None. && $$ SHORT TERM...10 LONG TERM....16 AVIATION...10 ####018006695#### FXUS62 KRAH 191957 CCA AFDRAH Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Raleigh NC 357 PM EDT Fri Apr 19 2024 .SYNOPSIS... A weak backdoor front over northeast North Carolina will slowly lift back north as a warm front into the afternoon and evening. A cold front will cross the region late tonight into early Saturday, and then settle just to our south late Saturday. A wave of low pressure will track along the front Sunday into Monday, bringing unsettled conditions and cooler temperatures. && .NEAR TERM /THROUGH TONIGHT/... As of 357 PM Friday... ...Severe threat is diminishing... ...Isolated strong to severe storms remain possible through the evening mainly along and south of HWY 64... Along the stalled front, moderate buoyancy with a sharp instability gradient has developed across the southern half of the forecast area, or approximately along and south of HWY 64. After producing some 35 to 45 mph gusts, the small cluster of storms over the Sandhills, which was largely driven by an MCV and out flow from earlier storms in SC, has substantially weakened. While we could still see a few cells in this cluster intensify over the next couple of hours as these storms advance eastward in the coastal plain counties, it's looking like the lingering inhibition north of HWY 64 will significantly impede deeper convection. Closely on the heels of this lead convection, the arrival of the cold front into the area will bring additional isolated to widely scattered showers and storms into the area will move in from the NW towards sunset and will progress east across the area through 06z. Cannot rule out an isolated strong storm, but loss of heating and renewed BL CIN should result in weakening intensity and coverage, with largely dry weather expected after 1 or 2 AM. Lows tonight are expected to cool down into the upper 50s to mid 60s with the development of low clouds/stratus across the eastern two- thirds of the forecast area. && .SHORT TERM /SATURDAY THROUGH SATURDAY NIGHT/... As of 350 AM Friday... The weekend will start out partly to mostly cloudy before becoming mostly cloudy to cloudy with slight rain chances easing in. The cold front will have pushed into our SE sections by Sat morning and will progress SSE, settling into N SC as low pressure drifts southward into the SC Midlands. A much cooler air mass will gradually build in, although the most dense air will initially be held up by the higher terrain, allowing for good afternoon mixing and highs that will be cooler but still a bit above normal, in the 70s with near 80 in the far S. Despite the westerly mid level flow on the S side of the broad trough, PW across the S and SE, near the surface front, will remain elevated, at or over 1" through Sat night, as the noticeably cooler air finally pours in from the NNW. While forcing for ascent is largely quite weak or even absent heading into Sat night, we will see slowly improving moist upglide across the south, up and over the low level frontal zone, resulting in a reinforcing of low level stability and groundward moistening of the column, necessitating low chances for light rain, mainly S of Hwy 64, starting late Sat going through Sat night. Lows from the upper 40s N to upper 50s S. -GIH && .LONG TERM /SUNDAY THROUGH THURSDAY/... As of 219 AM Friday... Sunday: Flow aloft turns swly Sunday and Monday increasing low-level moisture advection into the southeast. Ensembles and deterministic guidance are in pretty good agreement at this point pinning a sfc cold front, instability, and the highest anomalous moisture along the coastal areas and offshore. Rain chances will still increase throughout the day Sunday (highest POPs still across our far southeastern zones) but primarily light to moderate stratiform rain is expected through Monday morning. Sfc flow will remain nnely, promoting a cool, wet, and breezy day with highs in the upper 50s to lower 60s. QPF ranges from a few tenths of an inch (N) to about a half of an inch (S). Monday through Thursday: Any lingering rain Monday morning will pull off to our east by early afternoon. A few additional scattered showers may be possible Monday afternoon/evening with the passing of a strong vort max, but overall Monday should largely be dry. Tuesday will follow suit under nwly flow aloft. By Wednesday, a sheared vorticity feature will ride through the Mid-Atlantic. This may spawn a few scattered showers, but overall coverage should be minimal. Dry weather continues under nwly flow aloft on Thursday. Temperatures Monday will remain cooler than normal be cool in the mid 60s. Temps will rise into the mid 70s Tuesday through Thursday. && .AVIATION /18Z FRIDAY THROUGH THURSDAY/... As of 227 PM Friday... INT/GSO: Isolated showers are possible over the next few hours, followed by a potential for isolated storms between 23z to 03z as a cold front moves into the area. It should be mostly dry thereafter with VFR conditions persisting through the remainder of the forecast period. RDU/RWI/FAY: KFAY was the last site to see this morning's lingering IFR/MVFR stratus layer lift and scatter out. Isolated showers and storms will be possible through the afternoon and evening as upper level disturbance moves through the area. Based on recent recent trends, KFAY will have the best chance of seeing sub-VFR restrictions from TS over the next couple of hours. Convective wind gusts of 40 to 50kts will also be possible with the stronger storms. Another round of MVFR to IFR ceilings appears likely starting 03 to 06z, and will persist through 13-16z at KRDU and KFAY before lifting to VFR. The sub-VFR ceilings could hold on at KRWI until the early afternoon. Looking beyond 18z Sat, after mostly dry weather Saturday, rain and associated sub-VFR restrictions will spread south to north into the area Sunday and into Sunday night as a wave of low pressure tracks along a slow moving south of the area. Rain chances may linger at FAY Monday. Otherwise VFR conditions are expected through Tue. A weak cold front moves in from the NW Wednesday, but chance of precip and associated restrictions is low confidence at this time. && .RAH WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... None. && $$ SYNOPSIS...Hartfield NEAR TERM...CBL SHORT TERM...Hartfield LONG TERM...Luchetti AVIATION...CBL ####018003090#### FXUS63 KFGF 191957 AFDFGF Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Grand Forks ND 257 PM CDT Fri Apr 19 2024 .KEY MESSAGES... - Scattered to numerous snow showers this evening, mainly along and east of the Red River. Brief reductions to below 1 mile visibility at times. && .DISCUSSION... Issued at 257 PM CDT Fri Apr 19 2024 Water vapor loop continues to show several vorts rotating around the upper low over Ontario, with one moving through northwestern MN currently and likely helping with our current round of snow showers in that area. Another weak shortwave/vort max is still upstream in southern Manitoba. With continued forcing and some weak instability, see little reason for the snow shower activity to go away anytime before sunset. Snow squall parameter is pretty high during the 21Z time period according to some model solutions, although most of our activity has all been cellular in nature so far so will continue to handle the impacts with SPS. Snow shower activity should taper off quickly between 03 and 06Z as we lose the weak instability and the weak shortwave moves further down into the Plains. Saturday should see some diminishing winds as surface high pressure builds in and upper ridging brings a slight warming trend. Warming will continue into Sunday and afternoon RH values in a few spots in northwestern MN could get close to 25 percent, which could cause fire weather issues in the drought stricken portions of that state. However, Winds will be out of the west at around 10 mph and are not expected to cause problems. An upper trough coming out into the Northern Plains on Monday and then pushing into the Great Lakes on Tuesday is expected to bring some light precipitation to most of the region for the first part of the work week. This time temperature profiles look to be staying favorable for rain. R and M climate percentiles do not show a particularly strong wet signal, and probabilities for more than a quarter of an inch of rain are less than 10 percent. After a bit of a break Wednesday and Thursday, there are signs of another system for late week but predictability is even lower for that system. && .AVIATION /18Z TAFS THROUGH 18Z SATURDAY/... Issued at 1248 PM CDT Fri Apr 19 2024 Snow showers going in and out of most of the airports, bringing vis down into the 3-5SM range at times or even 1SM or lower. Ceilings are mostly VFR, but down to MVFR at times. The snow showers will be mostly done by early evening, but some MVFR ceilings will hang on a bit longer during the overnight hours. Most sites should return to VFR by the end of the period. Winds from the northwest gusting to above 30 kts will settle down a bit around sunset, but will remain fairly breezy through the overnight before dropping down into the 10 to 15 kt range by Saturday morning. && .FGF WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... ND...None. MN...None. && $$ DISCUSSION...JR AVIATION...JR ####018003380#### FXUS61 KILN 191959 AFDILN AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION National Weather Service Wilmington OH 359 PM EDT Fri Apr 19 2024 .SYNOPSIS... High pressure will build into the area through the weekend and persist into early next week. Temperatures will be below normal over the weekend and then start to moderate on Monday. && .NEAR TERM /UNTIL 6 AM SATURDAY MORNING/... Low clouds south and east of I-71 will continue to clear through the afternoon into the early evening. A fast-moving disturbance is spreading mid level clouds into the region. There are some echoes associated with this, so even with rather dry low levels, cannot rule out a few sprinkles. This will pass this evening with clearing after midnight. A much cooler night with lows in the upper 30s to lower 40s. && .SHORT TERM /6 AM SATURDAY MORNING THROUGH SATURDAY NIGHT/... High pressure will continue to slowly build into the area. Gradient on the front edge of this ridge will allow for winds to pick up again during the day but diminish again at night. There will be some diurnal cumulus later in the day with some mid and high clouds overnight. Highs will be in the 50s, with a few lower 60s in far southern counties. Lows will fall into the 30s areawide. There is the potential for some areas in central Ohio outside of the Columbus metro to fall to freezing. Frost is a bit of a question with some clouds and some wind persisting as well as fairly large dewpoint depressions. But have continued mention patchy frost. && .LONG TERM /SUNDAY THROUGH FRIDAY/... Broad area of strong high pressure resides in the Central Plains on Sunday, with a central pressure of around 1030mb. The influence of this surface high stretches across the Midwest region towards the Atlantic coast. Bufkit soundings show persistent northwesterly flow with saturation developing around 5000ft AGL on Sunday, which will lead to reasonable cloud coverage across our CWA to start the day. This moisture gradually erodes from NW to SE through the day. The combination of northwesterly flow and ample cloud coverage will keep daytime highs in the mid to upper 50s for most - about 10 degrees below climatological normals. Given favorable radiative cooling conditions Sunday night, have another mention of frost in the grids. High pressure influence holds through Monday and through at least the start of the day Tuesday. As it shifts eastward, return flow on the back side of the high will provide slightly warmer temperatures each day. However, a shortwave H5 trough and associated surface cold front will slide through the Ohio Valley Tuesday night. This will increase rain coverage through the overnight hours and leave behind seasonably cooler temperatures once again for Wednesday and Thursday. && .AVIATION /19Z FRIDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY/... VFR will prevail with just mid to high clouds. Northwest winds 10 to 15 kt will diminish towards 00Z and back to more westerly. Winds will increase again late in the period. OUTLOOK...Wind gusts at or above 25 kt possible Tuesday. && .ILN WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... OH...None. KY...None. IN...None. && $$ SYNOPSIS... NEAR TERM... SHORT TERM... LONG TERM...Clark AVIATION... ####018003320#### FXUS63 KABR 191959 AFDABR Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Aberdeen SD 259 PM CDT Fri Apr 19 2024 .KEY MESSAGES... - Northwest winds gusting 35 to 45 mph will slowly diminish this evening. Flurries will exit from west to east this evening, as well. - The next chance of rain (20-50%) will be Monday/Monday night. - Near to above average temperatures Sunday through Thursday. && .SHORT TERM /THIS EVENING THROUGH SATURDAY NIGHT/... Issued at 259 PM CDT Fri Apr 19 2024 The upper trough and strong northwest flow have kept the flurries going today even as sfc temps have warmed into the upper 30s. Expect the flurries and/or sprinkles to taper off through the evening from west to east as winds also slowly diminish with weakening mixing and H7 jet support. High pressure builds in from the northwest tonight and Saturday bringing drier air but still well-below normal temperatures. An elongated upper trough persists through Saturday keeping H85 temps in the negative single digits Celsius. Winds will remain out of the northwest on Saturday but should be significantly lighter given the lack of a sfc pressure gradient especially by afternoon. The one thing to watch will be just how low the temperatures fall tonight and Saturday night. The dry air near the sfc (dewpoints in the teens) plus any clearing of the clouds could see temps fall below forecast lows. && .LONG TERM /SUNDAY THROUGH FRIDAY/... Issued at 259 PM CDT Fri Apr 19 2024 The long term portion of the forecast begins on Sunday with a surface high pressure drifting south-southeast across the region with a surface low and upper level trough approaching the area from the west. The CWA will see increasing southerly winds, especially along and west of the Missouri River where there is a 50-70 percent chance sustained winds exceed 20 mph. The surface low pressure and upper level trough will progress across the region Monday into Tuesday, bringing a 20 to 50 percent chance of pcpn, mainly Monday afternoon over the eastern half of the CWA. A stronger storm system may track across the region toward the end of the next work week and into the weekend. Depending on deterministic model used system may produce a prolonged period of showers, or mostly a passing shower with periods of dry conditions. The grand ensemble suggests Thursday night through Friday night will have the best potential of seeing pcpn, with the probability of seeing two hundredth of inch at 35 to 65 percent. Due to timing issues among models and ensembles, there is a significant spread for temperatures over the CWA Thursday through Saturday. Possible highs in the 60s and low 70s, or perhaps in the lower 50s. && .AVIATION /18Z TAFS THROUGH 18Z SATURDAY/... Issued at 1219 PM CDT Fri Apr 19 2024 Terminals KABR,KATY,KPIR,KMBG Northwest winds gusting up to 40 kts will persist through the afternoon then slowly diminish this evening after sunset. VFR conditions are expected through Saturday morning. && .ABR WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... SD...None. MN...None. && $$ SHORT TERM...Wise LONG TERM...SD AVIATION...Wise